Update in the Mechanisms of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy
Introduction
Conclusion
Immune Response To Allergen
Basis of Immunotherapy
Role of Th17 And Th22 Cells On Allergic Disorders
Dendritic Cells As Key Players In Allergic Inflammation
Role of Regulatory T cells In Immune Tolerance To Allergens
Therapeutic Approaches That Use Regulatory T-Cells
Mechanism of Allegen-Specific Immunotherapy
Tre
allergic rhinitis, one of the most common allergic diseases in Korean children. As a cross-sectional study, the findings of this study were based on questionnaire responses. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were established by previous studies, standardized questionnaires such as ISAAC, and through prior pilot testing. Taking into consideration the comprehensive levels of each
Asthma
Asthma란?
Asthma definition
Chronic inflammatory disorder of airway
Increase in airway responsiveness
Airflow obstruction that is often reversible
유병률(매우흔함) : 선진국 성인 최대 10~12% 소아 15% (후진국은 낮음, 도시화와 관련)
by Harrison 17th
Asthma의 발생기전은 아직 명확히 밝혀지지 않은 부분이 많습니다.
Allergens
Sensitizers
Virus
response
Type IV: delayed T cell mediated response
Small particles deposit in bronchioles
Allergic granulomatous reaction
No increase in IgE or eosinophils
Clinical Presentation
Acute form
4~ 8 hours after exposure
Cough, fever, chill, myaliga, dyspnea, nausea
Bibasilar crackle
Subacute form
Few days after exposure
Exertional dyspnea, cough, fatigue
Chroni
allergic.
No dessert.
Easy enough.
That leaves your portion at $ .
and mine at $ . .
Beautiful. Perfect.
You have exact change?
Its so funny, Jessica.
But I go out with a lot of girls.
A lot.
And I just-- I dont know.
I just feel so--
so comfortable with you,
so at home, so free to be myself.
Normally, Im a pretty
"self-defecating" guy.
Let me tell you something.
Youre "phat".
Id love to see you
AI case presentation
- allergic rhinitis -
What is Allergic rhinitis?
Symptomatic disorder of the nose induced by an Ig-E mediated inflammation after allergen exposure
- Nasal obstruction
- Itching
- Rhinorrhea
- Paroxysmal sneezing
Nasal sx. lasting > 1 hr on most days
Prevalence : 16%(perennial 8%, seasonal 2%, mixed type 6%)
Pathophysiology
Classification
Seasonal Rhinitis
Pollen
Spring (Ma
의 유전적 결핍은 매우 드묾지만, Coding , promoter region에 allergic variants가 있는 경우가 있다
이런 유전자들의 전사는 cytokines, transforming growth factor β, leptin, endothelin, vitamin D3, endotoxin, corticosteroids에 의해 조절된다
위에 대한 한 예로, LTC4 synthase 발현은 interleukin-4 이 up-regulate하고 endotoxin이 down-regulate 한다
알레르기성 비염
1. Definition
Allergic rhinitis is an IgE mediated hypersensitivity of nasal mucous membrane.
Characterized by sneezing, itching, watery rhinorrhea and a sensation of nasal obstruction.
It may also involve the lining of paranasal sinuses.
Allergic rhinitis occurs in atopic individuals who are exposed to common aeroallergens
2. Incidence
10-20 % of general population.
bid/tid
(discontinue when cleared)
Contraindication: Documented hypersensitivity
(clinical viral, fungal, and bacterial skin infections)
Hydrocortisone ointment 1% (Cortaid)
Medium-strength topical corticosteroid for body areas.
Use 0.05-0.1% ointment in adults and 0.05% ointment in pediatrics.
Apply topically bid/tid until response
(discontinue when cleared)
Betamethasone valerate (Beta-Val)